Effective environment indicators on improving the resilience of Mashhad neighborhoods

The concept of urban resilience has drawn more attention in recent years, especially terms planning. This is particularly highlighted when a city or community encounters threats such as natural hazards and rapid population growth. To respond to these threats, comprehensive assessment required identify priority areas for disaster risk management. Resilience multi-faced complex concept, any effort evaluate it must take into account its social, economic, physical, environmental dimensions. Mashhad, the second-largest Iran, one most vulnerable cities due being surrounded by several active faults, including Toos, Kashfarood, Shandiz-Sang Bost. Since this located moderate high earthquake zone, very necessary pay against crisis implement management measures increase capacity city. Accordingly, study aims resilience's introducing various indicators that promote resilience. focuses on two main domains: dimensions criteria. research integrated three resilience: cultural, environmental, with four criteria resilient city: resistance, adaptation capacity, redundancy, recovery measure capacity. A wide range covering all been identified, enabling us understand how an area structurally functionally face disaster. Four neighborhoods Mashhad (Khajeh Rabi, Sajjad, Honarestan, Hijab) were selected case studies. calculate each indicator was scored based analysis statistical data expert opinions. Findings show represent disasters like earthquake. However, Sajjad higher unexpected circumstances than other neighborhoods. According findings, structural non-structural should be taken improve Khajeh Hijab, Honarestan. concludes resiliency strongly associated social residents' knowledge awareness, level public participation, economic income employment, well physical-environmental status health infrastructure. proposed framework evaluating using can served basis further investigations development methodologies simultaneously consider temporal spatial